Análise multivariada dos fatores associados aos desfechos pós-operatórios das fraturas em equinos no Brasil: estudo em um único centro

Maia, Beatriz TofaniSouza, Anderson Fernando deNóbrega, Fernanda SilveiraSpagnolo, Julio DavidSilva, Luís Cláudio Lopes Correia daCorrêa, Rodrigo RomeroZoppa, André Luís do Valle De

ABSTRACT: Fractures in horses are frequently associated with complications and poor prognosis, and identifying the factors that influence these variables can contribute to the development of strategies to improve the success rate. This study identified the factors associated with postoperative outcomes of fractures in horses in a Veterinary Hospital in Brazil, through multivariable analysis. The records of 93 horses with fractures referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Universidade de São Paulo were analyzed (between 1997 and 2023). The results of univariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with the outcome (discharge or death/euthanasia) and the occurrence of postoperative complications showed that cases treated less than 10 years ago had a greater chance of hospital discharge (OR = 16.2; CI = [3.47; 75.60]; P < 0.001) and of not presenting complications (OR = 6.55; CI = [2.27; 18.84]; P < 0.001). The use of locking plates was associated with greater chances of hospital discharge (OR = 7.11; CI = [1.40; 36.12]; p = 0.018) and of not presenting complications (OR = 4.76; CI = [1.04; 21.77]; P = 0.044). Regarding multivariable logistic regression, greater chances of hospital discharge were associated with cases that occurred less than 10 years ago (OR = 5.14; CI = [0.91; 28.97]; P = 0.063), when no complications were recorded (OR = 12.41; CI = [2.32; 66.45]; P = 0.003) and with fractures in forelimbs (OR = 3.18; CI = [1.02; 9.91]; P = 0.070). Greater chances of non-postoperative complications were associated with fractures located in the distal limb (OR = 3.04; CI = [0.92; 10.10]; P = 0.070). It is concluded that the use of locking plates, cases treated less than 10 years ago, lower occurrence of postoperative complications, fractures located in the distal portion and in forelimbs promoted greater chances of positive outcomes in horses with fracture.