Sonographic aspects of splenic torsion due to abdominal eventration in a dog
Salgueiro, Nathalia Brant MaltaLacreta Junior, Antonio Carlos CunhaTavares, Ana Carolina GiudiceSantos, Mariana Avelino de Souza
Background: The splenic torsion is a rare condition in dogs, especially when it is not associated with gastric dilatation and volvulus. Abdominal ultrasonography has been reported as an accurate diagnostic method in cases of splenic torsion suspicions. Splenomegaly, decreased echogenicity of the parenchyma of the spleen and hypoechoic appearance or lace are suggestive sonographic findings, although the definitive diagnosis is given through exploratory laparotomy. This study reports a case of splenic torsion followed by abdominal trauma and eventration in a dog, highlighting the importance of the ultrasound examination. Case: An adult dog without a defined breed pattern that weighed 8.6 kg was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Lavras (Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA) with a history of trauma caused by having been run over by a car 24 h earlier. The animal exhibited right inguinal region swelling with hematoma and a loss of local muscular tension. An abdominal ultrasound indicated that the spleen was displaced to the right inguinal region and that a portion of the spleen was included in the animals abdominal eventration. The spleen possessed an irregular surface with increased dimensions and diffusely decreased echogenicity and multiple parallel echogenic lines (in the reticular aspect). Abrupt differences in the echogenic textures of the spleen were identified in certain images. Color Doppler assessments revealed no blood flow. Based on the aforementioned ultrasound findings, an exploratory laparotomy was indicated. The laparotomy confirmed the presence of right inguinal abdominal muscle rupture with dislocation, eventration, and splenic torsion. Discussion: Splenic torsion may be most frequently reported in cases involving large and giant male dogs because this condition is typically related to dilatation syndrome and gastric volvulus, which are more prevalent among large and giant male dogs than among other dogs [ ](AU)
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