Avaliação do potencial nutricional da casca proteinada de soja para a alimentação de ruminantes
Peripolli, VanessaBarcellos, Júlio Otávio JardimPrates, Ênio RosaWilbert, Cássio AndréCamargo, Cláudia Medeiros
Background: The agro-industrial by-products constitute valuable sources of nutrients for animal production, however, assessing the potential for the use of by-products arising from the food industry is essential to minimize production costs and maximize production meat. For formulation of diets nutritionally viable, is of fundamental importance to know the nutritional value of foods. For this, one must determine the chemical composition, nutrient availability, concentration and availability of energy from food. The protein soybean hull is the residue coming from the technological process of extraction of soy protein, with is originally called primary sludge. To this is added 50% soybean hull and dried, resulting in the product called protein soybean hull. This work was carried out in order to assess through chemical studies the nutritional potential of the protein soybean hull its utilization for feed sheep in replace soybean meal, because currently there is no available scientific studies on the effect of using protein soybean hull in the ruminant animals diet. Materials, Methods & Results: For this, samples of soybean protein hull were collected from a benefited soy industry in different batches to evaluate the variability in chemical composition of experimental material, dried at 55°C in a forced air oven for 72 h and ground (Willey mill type) in screen of a millimeter. The samples of soybean protein hull were analyzed for dry matter, mineral matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, nitrogen-free extract, total carbohydrates, nonfiber carbohydrates, crude energy, crude fiber, neutral and acid detergent fiber. Protein quality was evaluated through levels of urease and protein solubility. The soybean protein hull showed high levels of dry matter (85.17 to 87.99%), representing a good potential for conservation of this by-product during storage. The high content of ash (8.13%) is possibly due to the presence of silica originating from the soybean hull present in the soybean protein hull. The crude protein content of 30.69% represents 68% of crude protein content of soybean meal. The ether extract (2.08%) is within the normal range for a constituent ingredient of feed for sheep. In the seven samples only one did not have appropriate value for non-fiber carbohydrates (4.3%) possibly necessitating supplementation of energy and undegradable protein in the diet of sheep. The energy concentration of the soybean protein hull determinates in calorimetric bomb was 4.2 Mcal/kg. For the levels of urease and protein solubility were obtained the average values of 0.02 and 35.41%, respectively. Discussion: The average value of neutral detergent fiber found in the soybean protein hull was 47.56% approximately 3.5 times the amount of soybean meal. The values of acid detergent fiber ranged from 34.68 to 38.27%. The protein soybean hull has 3.5 times more neutral detergent fiber, 68% crude protein and 58% of the metabolizable energy do soybean meal, can therefore be considered a roughage by-product and may be used for sheep diet in replace of soybean meal. The industrial production of soybean protein hull was quite homogeneous due to small variation in the different chemical constituents analyzed in the seven batches and the rates of protein quality can be better evaluated in animal experiments.(AU)
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