Three-dimensional printed poly (L-lactide) and hydroxyapatite composite for reconstruction of critical bone defect in rabbits
Minto, Bruno WatanabeSprada, Arícia GomesGonçalves Neto, José AloizioAlcântara, Brenda Mendonça deRocha, Thiago André Salvitti de SáHespanha, Ana Carolina ValentimQuarterone, CarolinaSartori, Maressa da RochaHataka, AlessandreUscategui, Ricardo Andres RamirezDias, Luis Gustavo Gosuen Gonçalves
ABSTRACT Purpose To use a 3D printed poly (L-lactide) acid (PLLA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) composite as a bone substitute for reconstruction of a critical bone defect in the radius of rabbits. Methods A 1.5 cm ostectomy was performed in the radial diaphysis of 60 New Zealand white rabbits. The rabbits were divided into three groups according to surgical treatment of the bone defect (group I control, group II bone graft, group III 3D PLLA). Each group was divided into four subgroups with different radiographic and histopathologic evaluation times (T1 15 days, T2 30 days, T3 60 days, T4 90 days). Results The implant group had greater clinically lameness (p = 0.02), edema (p = 0.007), pain (p = 0.04) and more complications at the surgical site (p = 0.03). Histologically, this group showed greater congestion (p = 0.04), hemorrhage (p = 0.04) and inflammation. Osteogenesis was microscopically similar between days (p = 0.54) and treatments (p = 0.17), even though radiographically, more effective bone healing occurred in the graft group (II), with more callus and bone bridge formation. Conclusions The customization of a 3D PLLA/HA scaffold was successful. However, in animals receiving the polymer-ceramic composite less bone callus and bone bridge was formed compared to the graft group.
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